Notes for Malachi 1:2b-3

1. See, e.g., Ralph Smith, Micah-Malachi, 305, and the references there.

2. The book of Obadiah itself does not present clear evidence regarding its date. The book, however, presents the fall of Jerusalem (586 BC) in the past and the fall of Edom (553 BC). Obadiah must, therefore, be dated sometime between these two dates. Malachi, as noted in the introduction, is dated about 450 BC.

3. Most of the Edomite towns and even the boundaries of ancient Edom remains difficult to identify. See J. R. Bartlett, "The Kingdom of Edom," Irish Biblical Studies 10 (1988): 207-224.

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