1. B. K. Waltke, with Charles Yu../, An Old Testament Theology (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006) 411.
2. The NIV consistently translates this phrase as "out of the land of slavery," while the NJB & NAB prefer out of the place of slavery." The Hebrew word, bayit, "house," when used with reference to a dynastic authority, carries connotations of power, in this case, of oppression and domination, that words like "land" or "place" do not. The point is not the location, but rather the power under which they were held captive. The expression underlines the power and grace of Yahweh by which Israel was delivered from such slavery.
3. P. C. Craigie, The Book of Deuteronomy (New International Commentary on the Old Testament; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976) 151.