1:24-25 - And God said, "Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that move along the ground, and wild animals, each according to its kind." And it was so. God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
[T - OL ]

In the first act of creation on Day 3, dry land - 'aretz - separated from the watery oceans. Balancing that, and as the first act of creation on Day 6, the 'aretz is commanded to bring forth land creatures, "cattle and creeping things and beast of the earth."

The Hebrew word for "livestock" ("cattle" in KJV, RSV, NRSV and NKJ), behemah, refers to any four-legged animal, whether wild or domesticated. The Hebrew verb ramas describes the locomotion of small animals that stay close to the ground. Remes, therefore, refers to small animals that creep or crawl along the ground, and can include reptiles and rodents. Its use in v21 to refer to "every living creature that moves" suggests that it can also include aquatic animals that swim. Elsewhere in the Old Testament remes appears primarily in the prohibitions against unclean food. The last category, "wild animals of the earth" is a general term; literally "living things of the land."

Those seeking to find an order in which animals are created will be disappointed; the order here is chiastic, serving to emphasize the close correspondence between what God commands in v24 (A-B) and its fulfilment in v25 (A'-B'):

A. cattle (livestock) and creeping things (v24)

B. wild animals (v24)

B'. wild animals (v25

A'. cattle (livestock) and creeping things (v25).

Notice also while the sea monsters and birds were blessed and commanded to be fruitful, multiply and fill the earth (v22), the land animals were not. Why this is so remains a puzzle. It has been suggested that they are covered by the blessing on the humans in v28. It is strange, if that be the case, that they received their own evaluation as good separately from human.

You may wish to read the following commentaries-expositions:

John Calvin
Matthew Henry

Low Chai Hok
©Alberith, 2016

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