1. The Nubian would eventually establish themselves as the pharaohs of the 25th Dynasty, and rule Egypt for ## years. When the Nubian dynasty collapsed, they took Egyptian culture back to their homeland and, as a result, we find more pyramids in Sudan than in Egypt. For a popular presentation, see Robert Draper, "Black Pharaohs," National Geographic 213.2 (Feb 2008): 34-59. Almost all the pharaohs we read about in the Old Testament beyond the Pentateuch were not native Egyptians.
2. The historical facts of ancient Israel's emergence as a people is highly complex and beyond the scope of ALBERITH to consider. Because the intention of the biblical writers was largely theological, and what historical data they presented were presented only to provide testimmonial contexts, most of the accounts can only be thought of as condensations. Since the preaching task is ALBERITH's concern the essays here work with these condensations. A good place to enter into the larger conversation and debate of scholars and historians is the superb work by Iain Provan, V. Philip Long and Tremper Longman III listed in Further Reading. For a very short summary of the three main schools of thought among them, click here.
3. Thomas Brisco, Holman Bible Atlas (Nashville, TN: Holman, 1998), 76.
4. The Moabites and Ammonites were also to prove a challenge. Most of Reuben would eventually be swallowed up by the Ammonites.
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