A small Syrian principality located between Mount Hermon and Bashan in TransJordan; its territory was probably equivalent to what was known as Gaulanitis during NT times. Though originally assigned to the tribe of Manasseh, she did not managed to drive out all of its inhabitants, resulting in this remnant kingdom "in the midst" of Israel, as Jos 13:13 put it.
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When David was king of Judah in Hebron he married Maacah, daughter of a certain King Talmai of Gershur, possibly as part of a diplomatic parcel with the king. This was a shrewd move, putting a political partner behind Eshbaal (aka Ish-Bosheth) who had established his government in Mahanaim south of Gershur. Maacah bore David Absalom (2 Sam 3:3). It was to his grandfather's kingdom that Absalom fled to seek refuge after he had murdered his half-brother Amnon (2 Sam 13:37) and from which Joab brought him back to a forlorn David (2 Sam 14:23).
Geshurites refers, naturally, to its inhabitants.
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