The 1st Cent marks a fundamental turning point in the story of God's people, the fulfilment of all God's promises made to the patriarchs and prophets of old, the inauguration of the Kingdom of God ushered in by the gift of the Holy Spirit made possible by the death, resurrection and exaltation of our Lord Jesus Christ.
For the Church this was the age when its Scriptures were completed by the gift of the New Testament, when her foundational institutions were established, when the doors of the Kingdom of God were opened to Gentiles, and its fundamental character—originally Jewish in ethnic composition—was transformed into a predominantly international one. It is the era par excellent in the story of God's people.
We, however, cannot understand the great events ushered in by our Lord Jesus without understanding the historical background leading up to the birth of Jesus and, in particular, of the transformation of Rome from a republic (at least in name) to an Empire. For this reason this timeline begins with the 1st Cent BC.
100 BC
The Roman Republic
at the beginning
of the 1st Cent BC
Rebellion against
Hasmonean rule
Antiochus VIII
Ptolemy X Alexander I
China: Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD)
India: Period of Uncertainty (231 BC-320 AD)
90 BC
Antiochus X Eusebes
Tigranes
70 BC
Pompey charged
to put down piracy
Pompey charged to put down Mithridates
Antipater
Hyrcanus demoted
to high priest
Antiochus XIII
60 BC
Caesar
elected Consul /
First Triumvirate
Gallic War
Crassus
dies
Ptolemy XII
50 BC
Julius Caesar crosses
the Rubicon
Octavian
Herod appointed governor
of Galilee
Parthian
invasion
Ptolemy XIII
Cleopatra VII
1 AD AD 10
Coponius
Jesus questions
the teachers of the Law
in the Temple
Wang Mang usurps
the throne in China
AD 20
Tiberius
Ambivius
Rufus
Gratus
AD 30
The First
Disciples
Jesus's
ministry
John's
ministry
Guang Wudi becomes
first emperor of Eastern
Han dynasty in China
AD 40
Gaius - Caligula
Philo
Marullus
Paul
Paul witnesses
to Stephen's
death
AD 50
Claudias
Fadus
Alexander
Camanus
James
Zebedee
is killed;
Peter
imprisoned
Acts 12
Paul begins
First
Missionary
Journey
Paul
begins
Second
Missionary
Journey
AD 60
Work on
the Temple
is completed
Nero
Paul
begins
Third
Missionary
Journey
Priscilla & Aquilareturn to Rome
(Buddhism begins making
inroads into China.)
AD 90
Domitian
John writes
1-3 John
& his Gospel
Christians experience official
persecution under Domitian
AD 100
Nerva
Nerva ends
official persecution
of Christians
Trajan
The very broad span of subjects and events covered by this timeline involved too many disparate works to list here. Select suggestions for further readings (selected for their suitability for laypersons) are listed in the various readings associated with the links in the timeline.
Dec 19